Law
In Romans, almost always refers to the Torah, which is the law of Moses, a list of 613 commandments found in the Old Testament.
Righteousness
There are at least 2 major ways of understanding righteousness in Romans. 1st the righteousness of God as an attribute of God this relates to God's intrinsic integrity, virtue, and rightness. God is perfectly righteous in character and action. While God is not under law his very nature is a law, the perfect standard, and God always stands by His own perfect standard. The second view and perhaps more important to understanding Romans is that the Righteousness of God is his redemptive action towards mankind that puts mankind in right-standing with God. This action on the part of God is the only thing that can make man righteous, that is to be in right standing with God. Since man cannot ever be righteous on the basis of works, this redemptive action of God is perpetual and this constancy allows man to stand righteous before God through faith in Jesus Christ.
Manifest or Revealed
Refers to the uncovering of a truth that already existed but men cannot know until God showed it to them.
Faith
Faith is the means by which mankind receives justification. Faith is not a work of man, by which he may receive salvation, but is a gift of God that enables the regenerated or born-again person to believe. Faith from our human perspective is the attitude of man that abandons all trustworthiness or dependency on his own works to obtain salvation. Faith is an assurance on God's promises to His people i.e. salvation.
Believe
Similar to faith, believing is to be persuaded of something as true. It is a belief born of faith, assurance and conviction, given to us by God as a gift. Believing then is in one sense the instinct of the elect.
Glory
In Romans can be understood to be the majestic radiance of God, to be in glory is to be in God’s presence, all man, through sin have fallen short of earning their way to experience this glory, in one sense we can also think of heaven or what we typically mean by heaven.
Justified or Justification
A term used in a court of law when an accused has been acquitted of all charges. God as judge must properly carry out justice. In Romans justification is closely related to righteousness. We are justified by faith in Jesus Christ. This means that justification has a price known as redemption, the action taken was the death of Jesus Christ on the cross.
Grace
Can be seen in the action of God in Christ that though all men are guilty of sin, God in his grace treats us as if we had never sinned. Grace is what affords man joy, pleasure in God. Our entire relationship with God is based on God’s grace, not our works.
Redemption
The act of God placating himself in order to be just in His justification of sinners. This payment was in the form of Christ on the cross. Without redemption man remains lost, a prisoner of sin and under the wrath of God. God redeems those he calls his own only.
Propitiation
The removal of wrath by the offering of a gift. Jesus’ activity for men is described as turning away the Divine Wrath. God is opposed to evil, this opposition is described as his wrath and that wrath must be placated, that is propitiation.
Forbearance
Can be understood as the tolerance of God towards man’s rebellion towards Him. Should also be understood as the holding back of God’s rightfully deserved wrath.
Circumcision
An outward sign of an Israelite man belonging to the covenant God set up between himself and Abraham. In Romans, circumcision becomes insignificant without perfect obedience to the law and Paul makes it clear that it does not save anyone. Paul brings up this point often as a matter of emphasis on faith and not works.
Credit or Imputation
A term used in accounting to describe a credit given to an account used metaphorically to describe how God credits righteousness to our spiritual account as it were when we believe. Our belief is not a work and itself is not merit worthy. In the same way that God turns his anger from us, God also credits us with righteousness, it is His work.